Thomas Aquinas, a significantly achieved philosopher who attempted to create a coalescence of all that had been best argued up to his time with Christian principle, believed that the world was conceived in essence before it existed.  God, in contrast, could not have preceded His existence and is therefore pure existence.  
Similarly, the cosmological argument, one of the three most noteworthy arguments used in early philosophy, including the teleological argument and ontological argument, asserts that the existence of the universe indicates the existence of a creator, seeing that the universe could not have manifested from nothing.  Nonetheless, the inadequacy of this dispute is that it leads to infinite regress.  Meaning, if one figure must have an originator, than that figure must have an originator as well, and so on and so forth.     
Secondly, Aquinas argued that all our rational knowledge of this world is acquired through sensory experience, on which our minds then reflect.  He brought up the example that when a child is born, its mind is like a clean slate on which nothing has yet been written.  Only when the senses come into gear does intellect develop.
The ontological argument is also relevant with attributes of being, except it is dealt with the being of God.  The discoverer of this argument is said to have been St. Anselm who inquired people to imagine the most perfect life form.  He said that if the life form that is thought of has every satisfactory attribute except that of existence, than it can not possibly be the most perfect being because there is something greater than that, indicating that the most perfect possible being must exist.  Such a rebuttal, however, is not sufficient enough for a large amount of reflective people.   
Nevertheless, Saint Augustine, who is perceived by some as a stupendous figure in philosophy between Aristotle and Aquinas, did have powerful influence on majorities.  He alleged three main concepts:  Time exists for living experience, not God, humans are born either saved or damned, and finally, God’s intention and grace are necessary for our salvation.  He once proclaimed, “If no one asks me [what time is] I know; if they ask me and I try to explain, I do not know.”  
In his viewpoint, since time is only a reality for living creatures aside from God, it characterizes experience, and henceforth, is not something that independently exists in itself.  Augustine’s doctrine of predestination analyzed that we cannot be saved through the exercise of our own wills unless God’s grace intervenes.  As a result, those who are saved or damned are so because of the will of God.     
To become even more philosophical, the last of the three prominent arguments states that the universe portrays design and purpose.  This is known as the teleological argument.  For instance, a seed grows to be a flower, constellations of the stars shift a certain direction, a caterpillar transforms to a butterfly; all equipment in nature appears to contain a plan that denotes there is meaning behind everything.  However, this dispute has been weakened with the rise of modern sciences which interpret natural phenomena as a product from randomness.  Nevertheless, the subject of God’s existence remains a controversial issue.    
Many people feel that God does not exist.  They decree that if a merciful, loving God were to have existence, malevolence in our world would never be.  Instead, peace and harmony would engulf each individual life form, hosing down all uproots of chaos and disruption.  But given that that there is an extremity of perniciousness all around the globe, His* attributes of compassion do not manifest, and thus, His existence seizes to exist.  
Another argument that is brought to light is pertinent to the cosmological argument.  Such people, in addition, affirm that God fails to exist because He Himself needs a creator.  The dispute which is made plain is that if everything else needs an inventor, than God does too. And since He needs a being to invent Him, He is categorized as imperfect, thus, depriving Him from His status as the Lord of all creation.  
Nonetheless, these arguments are invalid.  First and foremost, there is a vast misunderstanding that God is responsible for the happiness of His creation.  Once it is understood that He does not hold such a duty, it makes apparent why there is malignity in our world.  This does not necessitate that God is cruel, but rather, it makes clear to us that we cannot make a valid argument stating He doesn’t exist because of the existence of unhappiness.  Who is to say that He holds such a responsibility?  Furthermore, if we are assigning Him attributes of kindness that He fails to fulfill, than perhaps the attributes given to Him are assigned incorrectly.     
The Quran states in verse 2:216, “… it is possible that ye dislike a thing which is good for you, and that ye love a thing which is bad for you.”  This portrays that the malignity which we dislike in our world is actually a test from God that avails us in a plethora of eclipsed ways.  It has the potential of strengthening our morals because malevolence is something we learn to avoid and prevent through our sensory experiences.  It helps us decipher between right from wrong, and it is our choice which path we select to progress upon.  
Furthermore, the infliction of malice gives humans a gratitude towards righteousness because our experiences with it allows us to comprehend the unparallel value of its opposite.  Without one, we can’t appreciate the other.  To put into a different perspective for a simpler understanding, if people were to be constantly happy, the worth of the happiness would inexorably begin to decline.  This is so because the value of it is not understood for the reason that it’s opposite has no existence.  The sadness is necessary for the appreciation and existence of happiness.  Thus, if there was no such thing as evil, there would be no such thing as good.  But since God out of His immeasurable mercy has created the two flawlessly, it is safe to say that He performed one of the ultimate kindnesses by allowing the creation of good to be in existence.  
As for the argument that asserts God does not exist because He Himself needs a creator, it is entirely unsound.  Just because all things need an inventor, who happens to be God, doesn’t signify that He does Himself.  That is extending the argument to such an inanely high degree that it is almost as if saying, if all humans in the beginning stages of their lives relied on their mothers for survival, the mothers themselves also relied on their fetuses for survival.  In reality, the mother is, in a certain perspective, the “higher being” which does not need to depend on the “weaker being” although the “weaker being” does rely on the “higher being”.  Simple put, we, the creation, need a creator, but the creator does not need the creation or another creator.  He is the infinite absolute.  
God does exist.  He is the power source which keeps all living things alive.  If we analyze the characteristics of all life forms, they unitarily carry two traits.  One is that they are ephemeral, and two, they are dependant.   No living thing can survive independently; it constantly relies on something, whether it is food, water, or sun.  And who else could it be but the self-subsisting God that provides us with our needs?  He is the only logical explanation.  It is He who breathes life into the dead and takes it away.  Not a single person on the planet had the option of existence, it was an All-Knowing God who made that decision and caused it to be with His might.  He supported His creation with their needs and caused them to depend on Him, as to show how the creator vastly differs from the creation.  And since all life forms perish, this indicates that we do not have full exercise over every matter, such as an eternal worldly life.  It is the supreme Lord who does.  
We, as humans, cannot even accurately predict the next five minutes.
God, however, is aware of all things and determines destinies.  It is up to His will whether or not the next five minutes will occur for the universe.  The creation never had authority, still doesn’t have authority, and never will have authority to decide.  It can be none other than a higher source who does.  
Moreover, God must exist because there must be a designer for everything.  To say that the composition of everything came from an explosion, as the Big Bang Theory declares, is completely unreasonable.  To put into a lesser degree which is more comprehensible, take the Eiffel Tower for instance.  If a tourist were to tell the architect of the Eiffel Tower that the edifice came as a result from an explosion, he would be in utter disbelief.  He knows that the tower must have a creator who carefully designed even the minutest detail.  Now this is an example of something that is far less complex than the world, and yet it is still absurd and unbelievable to say that it came from a blast.  So how can we possibly apply the same theory to our universe?
Because it is apparent that there must be an inventor of design, we know that the inventor of galaxies must have been tremendously knowledgeable and powerful.  After all, the inventor created miraculous marvels, and it is conspicuous that none but God can fit the position as the designer.      
Even so, it emerges as though the issue of God’s existence in the world today is becoming increasingly irrelevant.  In a certain perspective it appears as if His existence doesn’t even matter.  Religious societies, like that of the Puritans, are either withering or have already been extinguished.  To take this argument to a further extent, countries, such as the United States, have strict separation of church and state.   The decisions of the world’s leaders are not made according to the existence of God, thus, the world does not function based upon those premises.  But because everyone at one point or another deeply ponders of God’s existence, His existence in the world is incredibly germane.  It holds an incredible amount of influence that token a deep personal affect on each individual.  This arouses the question, how would the world be like if none of us questioned God’s existence?